Consulta: subjectFacets:"Triploidy"
Registros recuperados: 16
Data/hora: 19/05/2024 11:23:08

Body shape variation in meiotic gynogenetic and triploid sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Peruzzi, Stefano; Wiborg-dahle, Stine; Haffray, Pierrick; Chatain, Beatrice; Primicerio, Raul.
A method of geometric morphometrics was used to characterize body shape variation in meiotic gynogenetic and triploid sea bass in comparison with diploid controls. A total of 13 coordinate landmark data were recorded on the profile of 34-month-old control (n = 81), gynogenetic (n = 117) and triploid (n = 131) siblings generated from two females (A and B). Three main axes of morphometric variation were consistent, and these accounted for 60.8 and 57.6% of the total variability in females A and B, respectively. There were significant shape deviations of triploid and gynogenetic fish relative to the controls, and differences were particularly evident in the progeny of one female. Overall, triploids displayed a more slender shape than diploids, whereas...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Body shape variability; Morphometry; Geometry of Procrustes distance; Triploidy; Gynogenesis; European sea bass; Dicentrarchus labrax.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00025/13651/10757.pdf

Comparative histological study of gametogenesis in diploid and triploid pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) reared in an estuarine farming site in France during the 2003 heatwave
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Normand, Julien; Le Pennec, Marcel; Boudry, Pierre.
We compared the temporal dynamics of gametogenesis in diploid and triploid Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) using histology. Oysters were reared in an estuarine farming site in Brittany over 3 years and their gametogenesis was monitored over the exceptionally hot summer of 2003. Both diploids and triploids showed active gametogenesis, but a high proportion of triploids remained at early stages of gonad development. Gametogenesis of triploids was characterized by the simultaneous occurrence of gonias and immature cytes together with mature gametes rather than overall retardation, though some triploids showed complete gonad maturation. Evidence of spawning was seen in both groups, and the quantity of germinal products emitted appeared to be similar in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Triploidy; Crassostrea gigas; Oyster; Gametogenesis.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/publication-4152.pdf

Comparative karyotype analysis in diploid and triploid Dolichoplana carvalhoi (Tricladida, Terricola, Rhynchodemidae) from Brazil
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Alvarez,Luciana; Almeida,Eunice Judith Cardoso de.
In this work, we present cytogenetic data for the land planarian Dolichoplana carvalhoi. Two different karyotypes, one diploid (2n = 2x = 14 chromosomes) and one triploid (2n = 3x = 21 chromosomes), corresponding to two morphological body patterns, are described. Chromosomes from regenerating blastema were studied after routine Giemsa staining and CBG banding. Our analyses revealed heteromorphisms in chromosomes 2, 3 and 4 of the diploid karyotype and in chromosomes 1, 3 and 7 of the triploid karyotype. Further studies are needed in order to determine if the two morphological patterns of D. carvalhoi represent distinct species.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Land planarians; Dolichoplana carvalhoi; Cytogenetics; Triploidy; Heteromorphisms; C-bands.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572007000300013

Contrôle de la ploidie par imagerie numérique dans des expériences d'induction de la triploidie chez les mollusques bivalves
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gerard, Andre; Peignon, Jean-marie; Chagot, Dominique.
Individual determination of ploidy level in experimentally induced triploid bivalve molluscs using image cytometry. The sexual maturation in bivalve molluscs causes decreased growth and sometimes increased mortalities. These drawbacks can be avoided by genetic sterilization (triploidy). Triploïdy induction require a egg treatment and a ploidy control at each generation. The ploidy level is usually determined by counting the chromosomes, a technique which is relatively easy for the trochophora stage and for juveniles measuring from 5 mm to 3 cm only.  ln order to be able to follow up the evolution of the ploidy rate during any stage of animallife, we have developed an estimation method based on image cytometry. Individual DNA content is determined by...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Image cytometry; Caryology; Triploidy; Bivalve; Imagerie numérique; Caryologie; Triploïdie; Bivalve.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1991/acte-3202.pdf

Cytotaxonomy, heterochromatic polymorphism and natural triploidy of a species of Astyanax (Pisces, Characidae) endemic to the Iguaçu river basin
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Kantek,Daniel Luis Zanella; Noleto,Rafael Bueno; Fenocchio,Alberto Sérgio; Cestari,Marta Margarete.
Cytogenetic analysis with Astyanax sp. D revealed a karyotype of 2n=50 with 2M+26SM+6ST+16A, besides a triploid specimen showing 2n=75 chromosomes (3M+39SM+9ST+24A). C-banding strongly stained the terminal regions of several SM-ST-A chromossomes. Two pairs of acrocentric chromosomes presented interstitial heterochromatin, this state being polymorphic and occuring due to possible paracentric inversions. The results obtained with the AluI restriction enzyme and A3 chromomycin were similar to the C-banding. Relationships were proposed between Astyanax sp. D and A. scabripinnis, as well as considerations for a possible origin of the triploid specimen (2n=3x=75). When comparing the present results with cytogenetic features of other endemic Astyanax species in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cytogenetics; Triploidy; Paracentric inversion.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132007000100008

Gamete quality in triploid Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Suquet, Marc; Malo, Florent; Quere, Claudie; Ledu, Christophe; Le Grand, Jacqueline; Benabdelmouna, Abdellah.
Triploidy induction in shellfish aims to obtain faster growth and sterility of reared individuals. Triploid Pacific oysters are most often not totally sterile, but have greatly reduced reproductive capacities compared to those recorded in diploid individuals. The description of gamete output in triploid aquatic animals is most often confined to the assessment of fecundity in females. The present work aims at further describing gamete quality of triploid Pacific oysters and comparing it to values observed in diploid individuals. Diploid and triploid oysters (produced by mating tetraploid males × diploid females) were reared in standard conditions and then transferred to the wild to allow the offspring to attain reproductive maturity. At the end of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Reproduction; Triploidy; Gamete.
Ano: 2016
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00277/38835/37581.pdf

Genetic basis of gametogenesis in diploid and triploid Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Normand, Julien; Ernande, Bruno; Boudry, Pierre.
Today, triploidy is the most common method used to genetically improve marine bivalve aquaculture production. In the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, triploidy affects many traits. The most proeminent one is reproductive effort, which is greatly reduced compared to diploids. The combined effects of physiological trade-offs between survival, growth and reproduction together with the reduction of reproductive effort in triploids explains the global enhancement of yield observed. However, the sterility of triploid oysters is only partial and some triploid individuals can show normal gametogenesis (i.e. similar to diploids), especially under warm conditions. In diploid oysters, the heritability of reproductive effort has been shown to be relatively low, but a...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Parentage analysis; Triploidy; Oyster; Quantitative genetics; Gametogenesis.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/acte-4525.pdf

Les apports de la génétique dans la filière ostréicole française
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lapegue, Sylvie; Renault, Tristan.
The most known and certainly the most important contribution of genetics to the oyster indus try is the development of the triploid cupped oyster. Released for the first time in the 1980s, the triploid oyster has triplets of  chromosomes instead of pairs. Currently, triploid oysters are obtained by crossing diploid and tetraploid oysters. These oysters are characterized by a near lack of milt in summer, which makes them generally popular with consumers, and by a faster growth, allowing a shorter production cycle. In parallel, the exploitation of natural resistance in the diversity of French oysters has been considered to improve the health of farmed populations which is a  major challenge for the sustainability of aquaculture farms. Currently, the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître creuse; Triploïdie; Sélection; Maladies; Ostréiculture; Cupped oyster; Triploidy; Selection; Disease; Shellfish farming.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00498/60931/64326.pdf

On the occurrence and identity of triploids of Rana kl. esculenta Linnaeus and R. lessonae Camerano in The Netherlands (Anura: Ranidae)
Provedor de dados: 16
Autores: Blommers-Schlösser, Rose M.A.
According to electrophoresis and erythrocyte size the genotypes of 756 waterfrogs, collected during 1986—1988 in 54 localities in The Netherlands, were classified as belonging to 5 different genotypes: 331 diploid R. lessonae (LL), 5 triploid R. lessonae (LLL), 250 diploid R. kl. esculenta (LR), 133 triploid R. kl. esculenta (LLR), and 37 diploid R. ridibunda (RR). The occurrence of triploid R. kl. esculenta in The Netherlands is reported for the first time and triploid R. lessonae has not yet been reported previously. There are indications that LL gametes could be produced by LLR triploids and LL diploids. R. kl. esculenta in R. kl. esculenta and R. ridibunda — R. kl. esculenta populations of the western regions seems to be exclusively triploid, whereas...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Ranidae; Rana lessonae; R. ridibunda; R. kl. esculenta; Erythrocyte size; Triploidy; Genotype; Biometry; Distribution.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/504567

Ploidy influences on metabolic substrate deposition of rainbow trout
Provedor de dados: 2
Autores: Gomes, Aline Dal`Olio; Vieira, Vanessa Aparecida Rocha Oliveira; Tabata, Yara Aiko; Takahashi, Neuza Sumico; Moreira, Renata Guimarães; Ribeiro, Cristiele Silva.
Triploid fish are usually sterile. Thus, the energy and nutrients intended for sexual maturation may be available to enhance flesh quality and physical growth. The present study aimed to investigate differences in the metabolic substrates, lipids and proteins, between storage tissues from diploid and triploid female rainbow trout. Monthly, metabolic substrates were quantified in liver, muscle, and ovaries, which were collected during the first reproductive cycle. In general, it was possible to identify a seasonal and similar deposition of metabolites in different tissues of 2n and 3n females, mainly at early stages of gonadal maturation. However, from the stages 5-6, the ovaries showed great differences between ploidies, with higher concentration of lipids...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Metabolism; Reproduction; Triploidy; Somatic indexes; Oncorhynchus mykiss.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAnimSci/article/view/44580

Polyploid fish and shellfish: Production, biology and applications to aquaculture for performance improvement and genetic containment
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Piferrer, Francesc; Beaumont, Andy; Falguiere, Jean-claude; Flajshans, Martin; Haffray, Pierrick; Colombo, Lorenzo.
Polyploids can be defined as organisms with one or more additional chromosome sets with respect to the number most frequently found in nature for a given species. Triploids, organisms with three sets of homologous chromosomes, are found spontaneously in both wild and cultured populations and can be easily induced in many commercially relevant species of fish and shellfish. The major consequence of triploidy is gonadal sterility, which is of advantage in the aquaculture of molluscs since it can result in superior growth. In fish, the induction of triploidy is mainly used to avoid problems associated with sexual maturation such as lower growth rates, increased incidence of diseases and deterioration of the organoleptic properties. Triploidy can also be used...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: GMO; Transgenic containment; Genetic containment; Reproductive containment; Hybridisation; Sterility; Fish; Shellfish; Fish farming; Aquaculture; Tetraploidy; Triploidy; Polyploidy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-6648.pdf

Polyploidy in the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum - 1 - Chemical induction and larval performances of triploids
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Dufy, Christian; Diter, Alain.
An effective treatment using catochalasin B (1 mg CB/ml dimethylsulfoxyde in 1 litre of sea water) was developed to induce triploidy in the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinurum (Adams and Reeve). The percentage of induced triploidy was assessed by karyological examination of embryos and spat. The treatment was found to be optimal between 20 to 35 minutes post-insemination exposure to CB, at 25'C, and produced 75.8 ± 5.7% triploid embryos on the average over four experiments. Growth and survival of larvae to metamorphosis were recorded for two different rearings each split into two replicates. Both larval rearings showed similar survival up to settlement: 19.3 and 27.0%, on average over two replicates, in the treated batches relative to the controls. Mean...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Larval survival; Larval growth; Bivalves; Cytochalasin B; Triploidy; Sruvie larvaire; Croissance larvaire; Bivalve; Cytochalasine B; Triploïdie.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1990/publication-2752.pdf

Population structure, fluctuating asymmetry and genetic variability in an endemic and highly isolated Astyanax fish population (Characidae)
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Gross,Maria Claudia; Schneider,Carlos Henrique; Matiello,Mara Cristina de Almeida; Leite,Maysa de Lima; Bertollo,Luiz Antonio Carlos; Artoni,Roberto Ferreira.
Morphological and chromosomal markers were used to infer the structure and genetic variability of a population of fish of the genus Astyanax, geographically isolated at sinkhole 2 of Vila Velha State Park, Paraná, Brazil. Two morphotypes types were observed, the standard phenotype I and phenotype II which showed an anatomical alteration probably due to an inbreeding process. Fluctuating asymmetry (FA) analysis of different characters showed low levels of morphological variation among the population from sinkhole 2 and in another population from the Tibagi river (Paraná, Brazil). The Astyanax karyotype was characterized in terms of chromosomal morphology, constitutive heterochromatin and nucleolar organizer regions. Males and females presented similar...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Fish; Astyanax sp.; Fluctuating asymmetry; Karyotype structure; Triploidy; Genetic conservation.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572004000400011

Pressure and cold shock induction of meiotic gynogenesis and triploidy in the European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax L.: relative efficiency of methods and parental variability
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Peruzzi, Stefano; Chatain, Beatrice.
The optimal conditions for the retention of the second polar body in sea bass eggs were investigated by altering the timing, intensity and duration of application of pressure and cold shocks. Treatment optima for cold shocks were 0-1 degrees C for 15-20 min at 5 min after fertilisation (a.f.) and 8500 psi for 2 min at 6 min a.f. for pressure shocks. Meiogenesis was obtained by fertilising eggs with UV-irradiated homologous sperm (32,000 erg mm(-2)) and pressure or cold shocking eggs as above. 100% triploidy was induced following definition of liable periods for the disruption of the meiotic spindle obtained in gynogenesis. Ploidy investigations were performed on experimental groups by flow-cytometry. Verification of uniparental transmission in meiogens was...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Parental variability; Pressure and cold shocks; Dicentrarchus labrax; Sea bass; Triploidy; Meiotic gynogenesis.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2000/publication-507.pdf

Reproductive effort and growth in Crassostrea gigas: comparison of young diploid and triploid oysters issued from natural crosses or chemical induction
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Normand, Julien; Ernande, Bruno; Haure, Joel; Mccombie, Helen; Boudry, Pierre.
Early reproductive effort and growth were measured in 3 groups of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas: 1 diploid group and 2 triploid groups resulting from either chemical induction (3nCB) or crosses between tetraploid and diploid parents (3nDT). Oysters were reared under intensive nursery conditions and sampled when 5 mo old. Reproductive effort was estimated by cross-sectional area measurements of the visceral mass (i.e. gonadic occupation) and maturation stage was assessed by qualitative histology. As expected, comparison of the reproductive patterns of these 3 groups revealed a lower reproductive effort in triploid individuals relative to diploid. However, gonadic occupation in triploid oysters was higher than expected in both 3nCB and 3nDT groups, as...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Triploidy; Oyster; Gametogenesis; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-6978.pdf

Responses of diploid and triploid Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas to Vibrio infection in relation to their reproductive status
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: De Decker, Sophie; Normand, Julien; Saulnier, Denis; Pernet, Fabrice; Castagnet, Sophie; Boudry, Pierre.
Several Vibrio species are known to be pathogenic to the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Survival varies according to pathogen exposure and high mortality events usually occur in summer during gametogenesis. In order to study the effects of gametogenetic status and ploidy (a factor known to affect reproduction allocation in oysters) on vibriosis survival, we conducted two successive experiments. Our results demonstrate that a common bath challenge with pathogenic Vibrio splendidus and Vibrio aestuarianus on a mixture of mature, spawning and non-mature oysters can lead to significant mortality. Previous bath challenges, which were done using only non-mature oysters, had not produced mortality. Immunohisto-chemical analyses showed the affinity of Vibrio...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Experimental vibriosis; Crassostrea gigas; Vibrio; Survival distribution function; Triploidy; Reproductive effort.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00030/14108/11368.pdf